Publications
In this section, an overview is given of recent and past activities with a selection of publications that includes previous work in these areas.
Tropical Medicine
- Tropical Medicine or Global Health? Published in MT-2 2017, vol 55
- Zijlstra EE, Broadhead RL. The College of Medicine in the Republic of Malawi: towards sustainable staff development. Hum Resour Health. 2007 Apr 13;5:10. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-5-10. PMID: 17433100; PMCID: PMC1863431.
- Zijlstra EE. Emigratie van artsen uit Afrika, in het bijzonder uit Malawi [Emigration of physicians from Africa: focus on Malawi]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2008 Apr 26;152(17):1015-9. Dutch. PMID: 18549178.
- Zijlstra EE. De artsenopleiding aan het College of Medicine in Malawi; het nut van Nederlandse inbreng [Medical specialist training at the College of Medicine in Malawi; the value of the Dutch contribution]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2005 Oct 15;149(42):2362-6. Dutch. PMID: 16261718.
- Harries AD, Kumwenda J, Zijlstra EE, Broadhead RL, Squire SB, Salaniponi FM. Teaching tuberculosis control to medical undergraduates: the Malawi experience. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2003 Sep;7(9):842-7. PMID: 12971667.
- Zeegelaar JE, Stroïnk AC, Steketee WH, Faber WR, van der Wal AC, Komolafe IOO, Dzamalala C, Chibwana C, Wendte JF, Zijlstra EE. Etiology and incidence of chronic ulcers in Blantyre, Malawi. Int J Dermatol 2006 Aug;45(8):933-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02858.x.
Leishmaniasis
- El-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 1. Cutaneous leishmaniasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2001; 95; supplement 1: S1-S18.
- Zijlstra EE, Musa AM, Khalil EAG, El Hassan IM, El-Hassan AM. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (Review). Lancet Infectious Diseases 2003;3:87-98.
- El-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 2. Mucosal leishmaniasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2001;95; supplement 1: S19-S26.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 3. Visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Apr;95 Suppl 1:S27-58.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 4. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Apr;95 Suppl 1:S59-76.
- Zijlstra EE. Biomarkers in Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019 Jul 31;9:228. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00228. PMID: 31417876; PMCID: PMC6685405.
- Zijlstra EE. The immunology of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). Parasit Vectors. 2016 Aug 23;9(1):464. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1721-0. PMID: 27553063; PMCID: PMC4995613.
- Zijlstra EE. Visceral leishmaniasis: a forgotten epidemic. Arch Dis Child. 2016 Jun;101(6):561-567. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-309302. Epub 2016 Feb 19. PMID: 26895806.
- Zijlstra EE, Alves F, Rijal S, Arana B, Alvar J. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent: A threat to the South-East Asia Region Kala-azar Elimination Programme. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Nov 16;11(11):e0005877. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005877. PMID: 29145397; PMCID: PMC5689828.
- Zijlstra EE. PKDL and other dermal lesions in HIV co-infected patients with Leishmaniasis: review of clinical presentation in relation to immune responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Nov 20;8(11):e3258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003258. PMID: 25412435; PMCID: PMC4238984.
- van Griensven J, Diro E, Lopez-Velez R, Ritmeijer K, Boelaert M, Zijlstra EE, Hailu A, Lynen L. A screen-and-treat strategy targeting visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected individuals in endemic East African countries: the way forward? PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Aug 7;8(8):e3011. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003011. PMID: 25101627; PMCID: PMC4125108.
- Diro E, Edwards T, Ritmeijer K, Fikre H, Abongomera C, Kibret A, Bardonneau C, Soipei P, Mutinda B, Omollo R, van Griensven J, Zijlstra EE, Wasunna M, Alves F, Alvar J, Hailu A, Alexander N, Blesson S. Long term outcomes and prognostics of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infected patients with use of pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis based on CD4 level: a prospective cohort study in Ethiopia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Feb 21;13(2):e0007132. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007132. PMID: 30789910; PMCID: PMC6400407.
- van Griensven J, Zijlstra EE, Hailu A. Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection: time for concerted action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Aug 28;8(8):e3023. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003023. PMID: 25166269; PMCID: PMC4148210.
- el Hassan AM, Khalil EA, el Sheikh EA, Zijlstra EE, Osman A, Ibrahim ME. Post kala-azar ocular leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Mar-Apr;92(2):177-9. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90736-2. PMID: 9764325.
- Khalil EA, Musa AM, Younis BM, Elfaki ME, Zijlstra EE, Elhassan AM. Blindness following visceral leishmaniasis: a neglected post-kala-azar complication. Trop Doct. 2011 Jul;41(3):139-40. doi: 10.1258/td.2011.110058. Epub 2011 Jun 15. PMID: 21676981.
- Desjeux P, Ghosh RS, Dhalaria P, Strub-Wourgaft N, Zijlstra EE. Report of the Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) Consortium Meeting, New Delhi, India, 27-29 June 2012. Parasit Vectors. 2013 Jul 2;6:196. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-196. PMID: 23819611; PMCID: PMC3733610.
- Khalil EA, Ayed NB, Musa AM, Ibrahim ME, Mukhtar MM, Zijlstra EE, Elhassan IM, Smith PG, Kieny PM, Ghalib HW, Zicker F, Modabber F, Elhassan AM. Dichotomy of protective cellular immune responses to human visceral leishmaniasis. Clin Exp Immunol. 2005 May;140(2):349-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02768.x. PMID: 15807861; PMCID: PMC1809358.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Apr;95 Suppl 1:S59-76. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90219-6. PMID: 11370251.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM. Leishmaniasis in Sudan. Visceral leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Apr;95 Suppl 1:S27-58. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(01)90218-4. PMID: 11370250.
- Musa AM, Khalil EA, Raheem MA, Zijlstra EE, Ibrahim ME, Elhassan IM, Mukhtar MM, El Hassan AM. The natural history of Sudanese post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis: clinical, immunological and prognostic features. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2002 Dec;96(8):765-72. doi: 10.1179/000349802125002211. PMID: 12625930.
- Zijlstra EE, Khalil EA, Kager PA, El-Hassan AM. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the Sudan: clinical presentation and differential diagnosis. Br J Dermatol. 2000 Jul;143(1):136-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03603.x. PMID: 10886148.
- Zijlstra EE, Ali MS, el-Hassan AM, el-Toum IA, Satti M, Ghalib HW. Clinical aspects of kala-azar in children from the Sudan: a comparison with the disease in adults. J Trop Pediatr. 1992 Feb;38(1):17-21. doi: 10.1093/tropej/38.1.17. PMID: 1315397.
- Osman OF, Oskam L, Zijlstra EE, Kroon NC, Schoone GJ, Khalil ET, El-Hassan AM, Kager PA. Evaluation of PCR for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Oct;35(10):2454-7. doi: 10.1128/JCM.35.10.2454-2457.1997. PMID: 9316888; PMCID: PMC229991.
- Zijlstra EE, Nur Y, Desjeux P, Khalil EA, El-Hassan AM, Groen J. Diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis with the recombinant K39 strip test: experience from the Sudan. Trop Med Int Health. 2001 Feb;6(2):108-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00680.x. PMID: 11251906.
- Zijlstra EE, Nur Y, Desjeux P, Khalil EA, El-Hassan AM, Groen J. Diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis with the recombinant K39 strip test: experience from the Sudan. Trop Med Int Health. 2001 Feb;6(2):108-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00680.x. PMID: 11251906.
- Zijlstra EE, Nur Y, Desjeux P, Khalil EA, El-Hassan AM, Groen J. Diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis with the recombinant K39 strip test: experience from the Sudan. Trop Med Int Health. 2001 Feb;6(2):108-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00680.x. PMID: 11251906.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM, Ismael A. Endemic kala-azar in eastern Sudan: post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Apr;52(4):299-305. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.299. PMID: 7741164.
- Osman OF, Oskam L, Kroon NC, Schoone GJ, Khalil ET, El-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Kager PA. Use of PCR for diagnosis of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jun;36(6):1621-4. doi: 10.1128/JCM.36.6.1621-1624.1998. PMID: 9620389; PMCID: PMC104889.
- Zijlstra EE, Daifalla NS, Kager PA, Khalil EA, El-Hassan AM, Reed SG, Ghalib HW. rK39 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Leishmania donovani infection. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1998 Sep;5(5):717-20. PMID: 9729541; PMCID: PMC95645.
- Khalil EA, El Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Mukhtar MM, Ghalib HW, Musa B, Ibrahim ME, Kamil AA, Elsheikh M, Babiker A, Modabber F. Autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine for prevention of visceral leishmaniasis: a randomised, double-blind, BCG-controlled trial in Sudan. Lancet. 2000 Nov 4;356(9241):1565-9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03128-7. PMID: 11075771.
- Zijlstra EE, Kumar A, Sharma A, Rijal S, Mondal D, Routray S. Report of the Fifth Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Consortium Meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 14-16 May 2018. Parasit Vectors. 2020 Mar 30;13(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04011-7. PMID: 32228668; PMCID: PMC7106569.
- el Hassan AM, Ghalib HW, Zijlstra EE, Eltoum IA, Satti M, Ali MS, Ali HM. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the Sudan: clinical features, pathology and treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992 May-Jun;86(3):245-8. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90294-m. PMID: 1329273.
- Zijlstra EE, Ali MS, el-Hassan AM, el-Toum IA, Satti M, Ghalib HW, Sondorp E, Winkler A. Kala-azar in displaced people from southern Sudan: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic findings. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991 May-Jun;85(3):365-9. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(91)90293-8. PMID: 1658990.
- Oskam L, Pratlong F, Zijlstra EE, Kroon CC, Dedet IP, Kager PA, Schönian G, Ghalib HW, el-Hassan AM, Meredith SE. Biochemical and molecular characterization of Leishmania parasites isolated from an endemic focus in eastern Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jan-Feb;92(1):120-2. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90982-8. PMID: 9692173.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM. Leishmanin and tuberculin sensitivity in leishmaniasis in the Sudan, with special reference to kala-azar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Jul-Aug;87(4):425-7. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90024-k. PMID: 8249072.
- Khalil EA, Elhassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Osman OF, Eljack IA, Ibrahim ME, Mukhtar MM, Ghalib HW, Modabbers F. Safety and immunogenicity of an autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine. East Afr Med J. 2000 Sep;77(9):468-70. PMID: 12862135.
- Zijlstra EE, Liberton N, Musa AM, Te Slaa S, Wolff J. Three-Dimensional Optical Scanning in Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL). Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Feb;102(2):286-288. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0370. PMID: 31889505; PMCID: PMC7008339.
- el-Hassan AM, Meredith SE, Yagi HI, Khalil EA, Ghalib HW, Abbas K, Zijlstra EE, Kroon CC, Schoone GJ, Ismail A. Sudanese mucosal leishmaniasis: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, immune responses and treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Nov-Dec;89(6):647-52. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(95)90428-x. PMID: 8594683.
- Osman OF, Oskam L, Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM, el-Naeim DA, Kager PA. Use of the polymerase chain reaction to assess the success of visceral leishmaniasis treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jul-Aug;92(4):397-400. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)91063-x. PMID: 9850390.
- Zijlstra EE, Ali MS, el-Hassan AM, el-Toum IA, Satti M, Ghalib HW, Kager PA. Kala-azar: a comparative study of parasitological methods and the direct agglutination test in diagnosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Sep-Oct;86(5):505-7. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90086-r. PMID: 1475815.
- Osman OF, Kager PA, Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM, Oskam L. Use of PCR on lymph-node sample as test of cure of visceral leishmaniasis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1997 Oct;91(7):845-50. doi: 10.1080/00034989760608. PMID: 9625941.
- Zijlstra EE, el-Hassan AM, Ismael A, Ghalib HW. Endemic kala-azar in eastern Sudan: a longitudinal study on the incidence of clinical and subclinical infection and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Dec;51(6):826-36. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1994.51.826. PMID: 7810819.
- van der Poll T, Zijlstra EE, Mevissen M. Interleukin 6 during active visceral leishmaniasis and after treatment. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1995 Oct;77(1):111-4. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(95)90144-2. PMID: 7554475.
- Meredith SE, Zijlstra EE, Schoone GJ, Kroon CC, van Eys GJ, Schaeffer KU, el-Hassan AM, Lawyer PG. Development and application of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection and identification of Leishmania parasites in clinical material. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis. 1993 Jul-Oct;70(3-4):419-31. PMID: 7802497.
- el-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Ismael A, Ghalib HW. Recent observations on the epidemiology of kala-azar in the eastern and central states of the Sudan. Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47(4):151-6. PMID: 8560585.
- el Mubarak HS, Van De Bildt MW, Mustafa OA, Vos HW, Mukhtar MM, Groen J, el Hassan AM, Niesters HG, Ibrahim SA, Zijlstra EE, Wild TF, Osterhaus AD, De Swart RL. Serological and virological characterization of clinically diagnosed cases of measles in suburban Khartoum. J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Mar;38(3):987-91. doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.3.987-991.2000. PMID: 10698984; PMCID: PMC86319.
- el-Hassan AM, Hashim FA, Ali MS, Ghalib HW, Zijlstra EE. Kala-azar in western Upper Nile province in the southern Sudan and its spread to a nomadic tribe from the north. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Jul-Aug;87(4):395-8. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90010-n. PMID: 8249061.
- Khalil EA, el Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Hashim FA, Ibrahim ME, Ghalib HW, Ali MS. Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with sodium stibogluconate in Sudan: management of those who do not respond. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1998 Mar;92(2):151-8. doi: 10.1080/00034989859988. PMID: 9625910.
- el-Hassan AM, Yagi HI, Zijlstra EE, el-Kadarow AI. Leishmaniasis of the nose caused by different species of Leishmania in the Sudan. Distinguishing features of the different clinical forms. Trop Geogr Med. 1994;46(1):33-6. PMID: 8165735.
- Zijlstra EE, Ali MS, el-Hassan AM, el-Toum IA, Satti M, Ghalib HW, Kager PA. Direct agglutination test for diagnosis and sero-epidemiological survey of kala-azar in the Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991 Jul-Aug;85(4):474-6. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(91)90224-m. PMID: 1755052.
- el Hassan AM, Hashim FA, Abdullah M, Zijlstra EE, Ghalib HW. Distinguishing post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis from leprosy: experience in the Sudan. Lepr Rev. 1993 Mar;64(1):53-9. doi: 10.5935/0305-7518.19930007. PMID: 8464317.
- Zijlstra EE. The treatment of kala-azar: old and new options. Trop Geogr Med. 1992 Jul;44(3):288. PMID: 1455546.
- Zijlstra EE, Osman OF, Hofland HW, Oskam L, Ghalib HW, el-Hassan AM, Kager PA, Meredith SE. The direct agglutination test for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis under field conditions in Sudan: comparison of aqueous and freeze-dried antigens. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Nov-Dec;91(6):671-3. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90518-6. PMID: 9509176.
- Zijlstra EE, van der Poll T, Mevissen M. Soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor as markers of disease activity in visceral leishmaniasis. J Infect Dis. 1995 Feb;171(2):498-501. doi: 10.1093/infdis/171.2.498. PMID: 7844400.
- el-Hassan AM, Zijlstra EE, Meredith SE, Ghalib HW, Ismail A. Identification of Leishmania donovani using a polymerase chain reaction in patient and animal material obtained from an area of endemic kala-azar in the Sudan. Acta Trop. 1993 Oct;55(1-2):87-90. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(93)90051-c. PMID: 7903141.
- Zijlstra EE, Siddig Ali M, el-Hassan AM, Hofland HW, el-Toum I, Satti M, Ghalib HW. The treatment of kala-azar in the Sudan with sodium stibogluconate: a randomized trial of three dosage regimens. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 May-Jun;87(3):307-9. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90140-l. PMID: 8236402.
- Le Rutte EA, Zijlstra EE, de Vlas SJ. Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis as a Reservoir for Visceral Leishmaniasis Transmission. Trends Parasitol. 2019 Aug;35(8):590-592. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.06.007. Epub 2019 Jun 29. PMID: 31266711; PMCID: PMC6667731.
- Lindoso JAL, Moreira CHV, Celeste BJ, Oyafuso LKM, Folegatti PM, Zijlstra EE. Para-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a patient in Brazil: a case report. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2018 Jan-Feb;51(1):105-107. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0487-2016. Erratum in: Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2018 May-Jun;51(3):411. PMID: 29513829.
- Zijlstra EE, Siddig Ali M, el-Hassan AM, Hofland HW, el-Toum I, Satti M, Ghalib HW. The treatment of kala-azar in the Sudan with sodium stibogluconate: a randomized trial of three dosage regimens. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 May-Jun;87(3):307-9. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90140-l. PMID: 8236402.
- Khalil EA, Nur NM, Zijlstra EE, El-Hassan AM, Davidson RN. Failure of a combination of two antifungal drugs, terbinafine plus itraconazole, in Sudanese post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Mar-Apr;90(2):187-8. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90134-0. PMID: 8761586.
- Zijlstra EE. Precision Medicine in Control of Visceral Leishmaniasis Caused by L. donovani. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Nov 9;11:707619. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.707619. PMID: 34858865; PMCID: PMC8630745.
- Younis BM, Mudawi Musa A, Monnerat S, Abdelrahim Saeed M, Awad Gasim Khalil E, Elbashir Ahmed A, Ahmed Ali M, Noureldin A, Muthoni Ouattara G, Nyakaya GM, Teshome S, Omollo T, Ochieng M, Egondi T, Mmbone M, Chu WY, Dorlo TPC, Zijlstra EE, Wasunna M, Alvar J, Alves F. Safety and efficacy of paromomycin/miltefosine/liposomal amphotericin B combinations for the treatment of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in Sudan: A phase II, open label, randomized, parallel arm study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Nov 21;17(11):e0011780. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011780. PMID: 37988402; PMCID: PMC10721181.
Mycetoma
- Zijlstra EE, van de Sande WWJ, Welsh O, Mahgoub ES, Goodfellow M, Fahal AH. Mycetoma: a unique neglected tropical disease. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Jan;16(1):100-112. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00359-X. PMID: 26738840.
- Zijlstra EE, van de Sande WW, Fahal AH. Mycetoma: A Long Journey from Neglect. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Jan 21;10(1):e0004244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004244. PMID: 26797103; PMCID: PMC4721668.
- van de Sande WW, Fahal AH, Goodfellow M, Mahgoub el S, Welsh O, Zijlstra EE. Merits and pitfalls of currently used diagnostic tools in mycetoma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Jul 3;8(7):e2918. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002918. PMID: 24992636; PMCID: PMC4080999.
- van de Sande WW, Fahal AH, Goodfellow M, Mahgoub el S, Welsh O, Zijlstra EE. Merits and pitfalls of currently used diagnostic tools in mycetoma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Jul 3;8(7):e2918. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002918. PMID: 24992636; PMCID: PMC4080999.
- Fahal A, Mahgoub el S, El Hassan AM, Abdel-Rahman ME, Alshambaty Y, Hashim A, Hago A, Zijlstra EE. A new model for management of mycetoma in the Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Oct 30;8(10):e3271. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003271. PMID: 25356640; PMCID: PMC4214669.
- Ahmed SA, Kloezen W, Duncanson F, Zijlstra EE, de Hoog GS, Fahal AH, van de Sande WW. Madurella mycetomatis is highly susceptible to ravuconazole. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Jun 19;8(6):e2942. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002942. PMID: 24945848; PMCID: PMC4063742.
- Fahal AH, Rahman IA, El-Hassan AM, Rahman ME, Zijlstra EE. The safety and efficacy of itraconazole for the treatment of patients with eumycetoma due to Madurella mycetomatis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Mar;105(3):127-32. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.11.008. Epub 2011 Jan 17. PMID: 21247608.
- Hay R, Denning DW, Bonifaz A, Queiroz-Telles F, Beer K, Bustamante B, Chakrabarti A, Chavez-Lopez MG, Chiller T, Cornet M, Estrada R, Estrada-Chavez G, Fahal A, Gomez BL, Li R, Mahabeer Y, Mosam A, Soavina Ramarozatovo L, Rakoto Andrianarivelo M, Rapelanoro Rabenja F, van de Sande W, Zijlstra EE. The Diagnosis of Fungal Neglected Tropical Diseases (Fungal NTDs) and the Role of Investigation and Laboratory Tests: An Expert Consensus Report. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 24;4(4):122. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed4040122. PMID: 31554262; PMCID: PMC6958312.
- Siddig EE, Nyuykonge B, Mhmoud NA, Abdallah OB, Bahar MEN, Ahmed ES, Nyaoke B, Zijlstra EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Comparing the performance of the common used eumycetoma diagnostic tests. Mycoses. 2023 May;66(5):420-429. doi: 10.1111/myc.13561. Epub 2023 Jan 17. PMID: 36583225.
- Nyuykonge B, Siddig EE, Mhmoud NA, Nyaoke BA, Zijlstra EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet S, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Epidemiological cut-off values for itraconazole and ravuconazole for Madurella mycetomatis, the most common causative agent of mycetoma. Mycoses. 2022 Dec;65(12):1170-1178. doi: 10.1111/myc.13509. Epub 2022 Aug 25. PMID: 36005544; PMCID: PMC9804462.
- Siddig EE, Nyuykonge B, Mhmoud NA, Abdallah OB, Bahar MEN, Ahmed ES, Nyaoke B, Zijlstra EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Comparing the performance of the common used eumycetoma diagnostic tests. Mycoses. 2023 May;66(5):420-429. doi: 10.1111/myc.13561. Epub 2023 Jan 17. PMID: 36583225.
- Nyuykonge B, Siddig EE, Nyaoke BA, Zijlstra EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Using (1,3)-β-D-glucan concentrations in serum to monitor the response of azole therapy in patients with eumycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis. Mycoses. 2024 Jan;67(1):e13664. doi: 10.1111/myc.13664. Epub 2023 Oct 23. PMID: 37872649.
- Two dose levels of once-weekly fosravuconazole versus daily itraconazole in combination with surgery in patients with eumycetoma in Sudan: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2, proof-of-concept superiority trial
HIV / AIDS
- Kumwenda JJ, Mateyu G, Kampondeni S, van Dam AP, van Lieshout L, Zijlstra EE. Differential Diagnosis of Stroke in a Setting of High HIV Prevalence in Blantyre, Malawi. Stroke 2005; 36:960-964.
- Cohen DB, Zijlstra EE, Mukaka M, Reiss M, Kamphambale S, Scholing M, Waitt PI, Neuhann F. Diagnosis of cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis in a resource-limited African setting. Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Aug;15(8):910-7. Epub 2010 Jun 21.
- E.E. Zijlstra. HIV/AIDS in Malawi. Tijdschr Infect 2008;3(5S):8-13.
- Cranendonk RJ, Kodde CJ, Chipeta D, Zijlstra EE, Sluiters JF. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora belli infections among patients with and without diarrhoea in the medical wards at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. East African Medical Journal 2003;80:398-401.
Tuberculosis
- Tostmann A, Boeree MJ, Harries AD, Sauvageot D, Banda HT, Zijlstra EE. Short communication: antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity is unexpectedly low in HIV-infected pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Malawi. Trop Med Int Health. 2007 Jul;12(7):852-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01871.x. PMID: 17596252.
- Boeree MJ, Sauvageot D, Banda HT, Harries AD, Zijlstra EE. Efficacy and safety of two dosages of cotrimoxazole as preventive treatment for HIV-infected Malawian adults with new smear-positive tuberculosis. Trop Med Int Health. 2005 Aug;10(8):723-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01433.x. PMID: 16045458.
- Beadsworth MB, van Oosterhout JJ, Diver MJ, Faragher EB, Shenkin A, Mwandumba HC, Khoo S, O'Dempsey T, Squire SB, Zijlstra EE. Hypoadrenalism is not associated with early mortality during tuberculosis treatment in Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2008 Mar;12(3):314-8. PMID: 18284838.
- van Lettow M, Harries AD, Kumwenda JJ, Zijlstra EE, Clark TD, Taha TE, Semba RD. Micronutrient malnutrition and wasting in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis with and without HIV co-infection in Malawi. BMC Infect Dis. 2004 Dec 21;4(1):61. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-4-61. PMID: 15613232; PMCID: PMC544350.
- Bell DJ, Dacombe R, Graham SM, Hicks A, Cohen D, Chikaonda T, French N, Molyneux ME, Zijlstra EE, Squire SB, Gordon SB. Simple measures are as effective as invasive techniques in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009 Jan;13(1):99-104. PMID: 19105886; PMCID: PMC2873674.
- Mwandumba HC, Squire SB, White SA, Nyirenda MH, Zijlstra EE, Molyneux ME, Russell DG, Rhoades ER. Alveolar macrophages from HIV-infected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis retain the capacity to respond to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide. Microbes Infect. 2007 Jul;9(9):1053-60. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.04.013. Epub 2007 May 16. PMID: 17644388.
- van Oosterhout JJ, Dzinjalamala FK, Dimba A, Waterhouse D, Davies G, Zijlstra EE, Molyneux ME, Molyneux EM, Ward S. Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Adults in Malawi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Oct;59(10):6175-80. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01193-15. Epub 2015 Jul 27. PMID: 26248378; PMCID: PMC4576091.
- van Oosterhout JJ, Kumwenda JJ, Beadsworth M, Mateyu G, Longwe T, Burger DM, Zijlstra EE. Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy started early in the course of tuberculosis treatment in adult Malawians. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(4):515-21. PMID: 17668560.
- Beare NA, Kublin JG, Lewis DK, Schijffelen MJ, Peters RP, Joaki G, Kumwenda J, Zijlstra EE. Ocular disease in patients with tuberculosis and HIV presenting with fever in Africa. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 Oct;86(10):1076-9. doi: 10.1136/bjo.86.10.1076. PMID: 12234881; PMCID: PMC1771301.
- Lewis DK, Peters R, Schijffelen MJ, Joaki G, Walsh AL, Kublin JG, Kumwenda J, Kampondeni S, Molyneux ME, Zijlstra EE. Clinical indicators of mycobacteraemia in adults admitted to hospital in Blantyre. Malawi Med J. 2003 Jun;15(2):56-60. doi: 10.4314/mmj.v15i2.10778. PMID: 27528958; PMCID: PMC3345446.
- Peters RP, Zijlstra EE, Schijffelen MJ, Walsh AL, Joaki G, Kumwenda JJ, Kublin JG, Molyneux ME, Lewis DK. A prospective study of bloodstream infections as cause of fever in Malawi: clinical predictors and implications for management. Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Aug;9(8):928-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01288.x. PMID: 15304000.
- Lewis DK, Peters RP, Schijffelen MJ, Joaki GR, Walsh AL, Kublin JG, Kumwenda J, Kampondeni S, Molyneux ME, Zijlstra EE. Clinical indicators of mycobacteraemia in adults admitted to hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002 Dec;6(12):1067-74. PMID: 12546114.
Meningitis
- Cohen DB, Zijlstra EE, Mukaka M, Reiss M, Kamphambale S, Scholing M, Waitt PI, Neuhann F. Diagnosis of cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis in a resource-limited African setting. Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Aug;15(8):910-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02565.x. Epub 2010 Jun 21. PMID: 20573075.
- Wall EC, Cartwright K, Scarborough M, Ajdukiewicz KM, Goodson P, Mwambene J, Zijlstra EE, Gordon SB, French N, Faragher B, Heyderman RS, Lalloo DG. High mortality amongst adolescents and adults with bacterial meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of 715 cases from Malawi. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 19;8(7):e69783. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069783. PMID: 23894538; PMCID: PMC3716691.
- Ajdukiewicz KM, Cartwright KE, Scarborough M, Mwambene JB, Goodson P, Molyneux ME, Zijlstra EE, French N, Whitty CJ, Lalloo DG. Glycerol adjuvant therapy in adults with bacterial meningitis in a high HIV seroprevalence setting in Malawi: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011 Apr;11(4):293-300. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70317-0. Epub 2011 Feb 18. PMID: 21334262; PMCID: PMC3999512.
- Scarborough M, Gordon SB, Whitty CJ, French N, Njalale Y, Chitani A, Peto TE, Lalloo DG, Zijlstra EE. Corticosteroids for bacterial meningitis in adults in sub-Saharan Africa. N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 13;357(24):2441-50. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa065711. PMID: 18077809; PMCID: PMC5068549.
Non communicable diseases
- Glover SJ, Burgess PI, Cohen DB, Harding SP, Hofland HW, Zijlstra EE, Allain TJ. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, cataract and visual impairment in patients with diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 Feb;96(2):156-61. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2010.196071. Epub 2011 Apr 21. PMID: 21515565.
- Cohen DB, Allain TJ, Glover S, Chimbayo D, Dzamalala H, Hofland HW, Banda NP, Zijlstra EE. A survey of the management, control, and complications of diabetes mellitus in patients attending a diabetes clinic in Blantyre, Malawi, an area of high HIV prevalence. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Sep;83(3):575-81. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10-0104. PMID: 20810823; PMCID: PMC2929054.
- Zeegelaar JE, Stroïnk AC, Steketee WH, Faber WR, van der Wal AC, Komolafe IO, Dzamalala C, Chibwana C, Wendte JF, Zijlstra EE. Etiology and incidence of chronic ulcers in Blantyre, Malawi. Int J Dermatol. 2006 Aug;45(8):933-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2006.02858.x. PMID: 16911377.
Contributions to MTb Medicus Tropicus bulletin - the Journal of the Neth Soc Trop Med Int Health (NVTG)
- MT-1 2008, vol 45 - Article: Cardiac failure
- MT-2 2008, vol 45 - Case report: TB pericarditis
- MT-3 2011, vol 48 - Case report: Ascites
- MT-4 2012, vol 49 - Article: Personal account on the International Congress on Tropical Medicine and Malaria
- MT-1 2013, vol 50 Article: Mycetoma
- MT-4 2012, vol 49 - Article: The Minor Tropical Medicine & International Health at the Erasmus MC Rotterdam
- MT-4 2013, vol 51 - Editorial: Research in Tropical Medicine
- MT-4 2013, vol 51 - Article: Neglected Tropical Diseases
- MT-3 2014, vol 52 - Editorial: Noncommunicable diseases: the new epidemic?
- MT-3 2014, vol 52 - Article: Diabetes Mellitus in an African context: the Malawi experience.
- MT 1-2015, vol 53 - Editorial: Emerging Infectious Diseases
- MT 1-2016, vol 54 - Editorial: Travel Medicine
- MT 1-2016, vol 54 - Article: Amoebic liver abcess
- MT 4-2016, vol 54 - Article : The College of Medicine in Malawi: 25th anniversary
- MT-2 2017, vol 55 - Article: Tropical Medicine or Global Health?
- MT-4 2017, vol 55 - Editorial: Haematology
- MT-4 2017, vol 55 - Article: Pancytopenia
- MT-1 2018, vol 56 - Article: The revised curriculum for the training of the Doctor of Global Health and Tropical Medicine (AIGT)
- MT-4 2018, vol 57 - Editorial: HIV/AIDS – towards an AIDS-free generation
- MT-1 2019, vol 57 - Editorial: Emergency Medicine
- MT-3 2019, vol 57 - Article: The effect of climate change on communicable and non-communicable diseases
- MT-1 2020, vol 58 - Editorial : Neglected Tropical Diseases
- MT-1 2020, vol 58 Editorial : Neglected Tropical Diseases - Article : Visceral leishmaniasis – towards control
- MT-1 2020, vol 58 - Book review : Tropical medicine Point-of-care testing. Supporting the UN 2030 agenda
- MT-2 2020, vol 58 - Editorial: Covid-19
- MT-2 2020, vol 58 Editorial: Covid-19 - Article: Management of Covid-19
- MT-3 2020, vol 58 - Article: Research in Tropical Medicine. Answers to (most of) your questions
- Zijlstra EE, van Thiel PP. MT-1 2022, vol 59 - Article: The needs and requirements of medical doctors preparing to work in the tropics. The role of internal medicine with focus on the Physician Global Health and Tropical medicine (PGHTM) training programm
- MT2-2022, vol 60 - Editorial
- MT-2 2022, vol 60 - Article: Toxins and intoxications
- MT-2 2022, vol 60 - (Extended) Book Review
- MT-4 2022, vol 60 -Editorial
- MT-4 2022, vol 60 Case study
- MT-4 2022, vol 60 HIV and cancer overview
- MT-4 2022, vol 60 Cancer by contagion
- MT-1 2024, vol 62 Letter on leaving the Editorial Board
- MT-1 2024, vol 62 Turmeric
Paraplegia
- Smits SL, Zijlstra EE, van Hellemond JJ, Schapendonk CM, Bodewes R, Schürch AC, Haagmans BL, Osterhaus AD. Novel cyclovirus in human cerebrospinal fluid, Malawi, 2010-2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(9):1511–3. doi: 10.3201/eid1909.130404. PMID: 23968557; PMCID: PMC3810929.
- Zijlstra EE, van Hellemond JJ, Moes AD, de Boer C, Boeschoten SA, van Blijswijk CEM, van der Vuurst de Vries RM, Bailey PAB, Kampondeni S, van Lieshout L, Smits SL, Katchanov J, Mkandawire NM, Rothe C. Nontraumatic Myelopathy in Malawi: A Prospective Study in an Area with High HIV Prevalence. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Feb;102(2):451-457. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0209. PMID: 31837130; PMCID: PMC7008330.
- Naus CW, Chipwete J, Visser LG, Zijlstra EE, van Lieshout L. The contribution made by Schistosoma infection to non-traumatic disorders of the spinal cord in Malawi. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2003 Oct;97(7):711-21. doi: 10.1179/000349803225002363. PMID: 14613630.
Para-phenylene diamine (PPD) poisoning
- Hooff GP, van Huizen NA, Meesters RJ, Zijlstra EE, Abdelraheem M, Abdelraheem W, Hamdouk M, Lindemans J, Luider TM. Analytical investigations of toxic p-phenylenediamine (PPD) levels in clinical urine samples with special focus on MALDI-MS/MS. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e22191. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022191. Epub 2011 Aug 4. PMID: 21829608; PMCID: PMC3150356.
- Abdelraheem MB, Elbushra M, Ali el-T, Ellidir RA, Bushara AI, Abdelraheem WB, Zijlstra EE. Filicide and suicide in a family by paraphenylene diamine poisoning: a mother who committed suicide and poisoned her four children of which one died. Toxicol Ind Health. 2014 Sep;30(8):679-82. doi: 10.1177/0748233712448118. Epub 2012 Dec 6. PMID: 23222690.
(Contributions to) Books
- The Clinical Book, 1st Edition. EE Zijlstra, Editor, 2007
- The Clinical Book, 2nd Edition. DJ Sloan, T Phiri, EE Zijlstra, Editors, 2013. ISBN 9789081571920
- The Clinical Book, 3rd Edition. T Phiri, EE Zijlstra, editors, 2022
- The Practice of Internal Medicine in the Tropics. 100 Cases. EE Zijlstra, Editor. ISBN/EAN 978-90-815719-4-4.
- The Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) Atlas. A manual for Health Workers. World Health Organization 2012; EE Zijlstra & J Alvar, Editors. WHO/HTM/NTD/IDM/2012.4 ISBN 978 92 4 150410 2
- Zijlstra EE. Leishmaniasis. In: Eldryd Parry, Richard Godfrey, Geoffrey Gill, David Mabey, eds. Principles of Medicine in Africa, 3rd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2004;456-474.
- Zijlstra EE. Amoebiasis. In: Eldryd Parry, Richard Godfrey, David Mabey, Geoffrey Gill, eds. Principles of Medicine in Africa, 3rd Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2004; 489-496.
- Zijlstra EE. Leishmaniasis. In: Whitty, C, et al, editors. Principles of Medicine in Africa, 4th Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013, 400-414.
- Zijlstra EE. Amoebiasis. In: Whitty, C, et al, editors. Principles of Medicine in Africa, 4th Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013, 423-429.
- Zijlstra EE, Welsh O, Fahal AH. Reviewer of Chapter on Mycetoma. In: Heymann, DL, editor. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual, 20th Edition, 2015.
- El-Hassan AM & Zijlstra EE. The Leishmaniases in the Sudan. Supplement to the Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2001;95 Suppl S1-76. 1. Cutaneous leishmaniasis; 2. Mucosal leishmaniasis; 3. Visceral leishmaniasis; 4. Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
- Zijlstra EE. Leishmaniasis. In: Conn's Current Therapy 1997.
- Zijlstra EE. “Kala-azar in the Sudan: Epidemiological and clinical studies”, PhD Thesis University of Amsterdam, 1995. ISBN 90-9007888-6.
- Zijlstra EE, Modabber F. Diagnosis of leishmaniases. In: HM Gilles, ed. Protozoal Diseases, Arnold Publishers, London, 1999;425-440.
Contributions to WCS (Wound Care Society) magazine
- 1. Inleiding
- 2. Lepra
- 3. Invasieve streptococcen infecties
- 4. Beten door hond, kat en mens
- 5. Het tropisch ulcus
- 6. Scabies
- 7. Mycetoma
- 8. Cutane leishmaniasis
- 9. Herpesvirus infecties
- 10. Onchocerciasis
- 11. HIV infecties en AIDS
- 12. Ziekte van Lyme
- 13. Oppervlakkige schimmelinfecties
- 14. Tuberculose in de huid
- 15. Lymfatische filariasis
- 16. Exanthemen bij infecties op de kinderleeftijd
- 17. Treponematosen
- 18. Gasgangreen
- 19. Guinea worm infectie
- 20. Endoparasieten van de huid
- 21. Anthrax
- 22. Noma
Publicaties in the Netherlands Journal of Medicine - Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde (NVTG)
- WEEKBOEK 1: (Te) langzaam vooruit
- WEEKBOEK 2: Ook in Afrika verbetert de zorg
- WEEKBOEK 3: Onderzoek in Afrika
- WEEKBOEK 4: Artsen opleiden in Malawi
- DIAGNOSE IN BEELD. Een hiv-positieve man met een ulcus in het gelaat
- ARTS EN SAMENLEVING. Emigratie van artsen uit Afrika, in het bijzonder uit Malawi
- ARTS EN SAMENLEVING. De introductie van antiretrovirale therapie in Malawi
- FEUILLETON. De artsenopleiding aan het College of Medicine in Malawi; het nut van Nederlandse inbreng
Publicaties in Journal of Infectious Diseases - Tijdschrift voor Infectieziekten (TVI)
- Zijlstra EE. Viscerale leishmaniasis. TVI 2019;14:3-11
- Zijlstra EE. Cutane leishmaniasis. TVI 2020;15:172-180
- Gorgels KMF, Zijlstra EE. Trachoom. TVI 2022;17:54-61
Wound care and burn injuries
- Hofland HWC. MT-2 2021 Reverse technology in the treatment of burns: the use of tropical fruits
- James J, Hofland HW, Borgstein ES, Kumiponjera D, Komolafe OO, Zijlstra EE. The prevalence of HIV infection among burn patients in a burns unit in Malawi and its influence on outcome. Burns. 2003 Feb;29(1):55-60. doi: 10.1016/s0305-4179(02)00236-x.
- Reverse technology in the treatment of burns: the use of tropical fruits
- Van Loey, N.E.E.; Boersma-van Dam, E.; Boekelaar, A.; van de Steenoven, A.; de Jong, A.E.E.; Hofland, H.W.C. Development and Testing of the Aftercare Problem List, a Burn Aftercare Screening Instrument. Eur. Burn J. 2024, 5, 90-103. https://doi.org/10.3390/ebj5020008
- de Jong, A.E.E.; Tuinebreijer, W.E.; Hofland, H.W.C.; Van Loey, N.E.E. Person-Centred Pain Measurement in the ICU: A Multicentre Clinimetric Comparison Study of Pain Behaviour Observation Scales in Critically Ill Adult Patients with Burns. Eur. Burn J. 2024, 5, 187-197. https://doi.org/10.3390/ebj5020018
Recent publications
Two dose levels of once-weekly fosravuconazole versus daily itraconazole in combination with surgery in patients with eumycetoma in Sudan: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2, proof-of-concept superiority trial
de Jong, A.E.E.; Tuinebreijer, W.E.; Hofland, H.W.C.; Van Loey, N.E.E. Person-Centred Pain Measurement in the ICU: A Multicentre Clinimetric Comparison Study of Pain Behaviour Observation Scales in Critically Ill Adult Patients with Burns. Eur. Burn J. 2024, 5, 187-197. https://doi.org/10.3390/ebj5020018
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Ethnicity and Health in Suriname
Ethnicity and health in Suriname
Abstract
Suriname is a New World country that became independent of the Netherlands in 1975. It has a diverse population of around 600,0